Detailed Answer
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined as the persistent inability to attain and maintain an erection sufficient to permit satisfactory sexual performance.¹ This condition may significantly impact psychosocial health and quality of life for both patients and their partners.² The 2025 EAU Guidelines recognize several risk factors that can affect erectile firmness, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, smoking, and lack of regular physical exercise.³ Addressing these modifiable risk factors through lifestyle changes represents the first step toward naturally improving erectile function. When considering treatment options for regaining erectile firmness, the EAU Guidelines recommend a step-wise approach. First-line treatments include lifestyle modifications, addressing reversible causes of ED, and providing education and counseling to patients and their partners.⁴ Oral medications such as PDE5 inhibitors are typically recommended as initial pharmacological therapy. For patients who don’t respond adequately to these treatments, second-line options include vacuum erection devices and intracavernosal injections.⁵ For men who fail to respond to conservative treatments, penile implants (prostheses) offer a highly effective solution for regaining erectile firmness. The EAU Guidelines identify two main types of penile implants: inflatable devices (two-piece and three-piece) and semi-rigid devices (malleable, mechanical, and soft flexible).⁶ Three-piece inflatable devices provide the most natural-feeling erections, while semi-rigid prostheses result in a firm penis that can be manually positioned but may be less concealable.⁷ According to the 2025 EAU Guidelines, penile implant surgery has one of the highest satisfaction rates among all ED treatments, with 92-100% of patients and 91-95% of partners reporting satisfaction with appropriate counseling.⁸ Modern implants also demonstrate excellent reliability, with mechanical failure rates below 5% after 5 years of follow-up for the most commonly used three-piece prostheses.⁹ Infection rates have been reduced to 2-3% with appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis and can be further lowered to 1-2% with antibiotic-impregnated or hydrophilic-coated prostheses.¹⁰ It’s important to note that concerns about penile size often accompany erectile dysfunction issues. The EAU Guidelines acknowledge that subjective impressions of penile size may negatively affect sexual functioning and quality of life in approximately 10% of men.¹¹ However, studies show that 84% of women report being satisfied with their male partners’ penile size, while only 55% of men are satisfied with their own size.¹² This discrepancy highlights the psychological component that must be addressed alongside physical treatments. Focused psychosexual counseling is recommended to improve sexuality and sexual well-being for both patients and partners, particularly after penile implant surgery.¹³ The EAU Guidelines strongly recommend penile prosthesis implantation for patients who do not respond to less invasive treatments, citing high efficacy, safety, and satisfaction rates.¹⁴ Patients should have realistic expectations about outcomes, understanding that while implants reliably restore erectile firmness, they do not increase penile length beyond the patient’s natural erect state.¹⁵ The guidelines emphasize the importance of proper patient selection and counseling to ensure optimal outcomes and satisfaction with any erectile dysfunction treatment.¹⁶
From the Guidelines
"Penile prosthesis implantation has one of the highest satisfaction rates (92-100% in patients and 91-95% in partners) among the treatment options for ED with appropriate counselling." (p. 55)