Rigi10™ Malleable Penile Prosthesis
Also Known As
Corpus cavernosum urethrae, Spongy body of the penis, Corpus spongiosum penis
Definition
The corpus spongiosum is a cylindrical mass of spongy, erectile vascular tissue located ventrally within the penis, surrounding the urethra along its length from the bulb of the penis to the tip, where it expands to form the glans penis.¹ It is one of the three erectile columns of the penis, situated inferior to the paired corpora cavernosa. The primary functions of the corpus spongiosum are to contribute to penile erection by engorging with blood, to support the urethra, and critically, to prevent the compression and occlusion of the urethra during erection, thereby maintaining its patency for the passage of semen during ejaculation.² Its structure consists of a network of interconnected vascular spaces (sinusoids) separated by trabeculae of connective tissue and smooth muscle.³
Clinical Context
The corpus spongiosum is clinically significant in several urological contexts. Its primary role in maintaining urethral patency during erection is crucial for normal sexual function and fertility (ejaculation).⁵ Damage to the corpus spongiosum, such as in cases of penile fracture or trauma, can lead to urethral injury, stricture formation, or erectile dysfunction. Surgical procedures involving the urethra, such as urethroplasty for stricture disease or hypospadias repair, often involve meticulous dissection and handling of the corpus spongiosum to preserve its vascularity and support to the urethra.² In some reconstructive surgeries, flaps or grafts involving the corpus spongiosum or its surrounding tissues may be utilized. For example, a corpus spongiosum flap has been described for managing complex pelvic conditions.⁴ Understanding the detailed anatomy and vascular supply of the corpus spongiosum is essential for surgeons to minimize complications and optimize outcomes in penile and urethral surgeries.² Conditions like Peyronie’s disease, while primarily affecting the corpora cavernosa, can indirectly impact the corpus spongiosum or its function due to penile curvature and associated erectile difficulties. The health and integrity of the corpus spongiosum are also relevant in the context of penile prosthesis implantation, as its preservation is important for urethral support and overall penile function.