{"id":32921,"date":"2026-09-05T18:56:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T22:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/?post_type=glossary-term&p=32921"},"modified":"2026-10-07T01:29:24","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T05:29:24","slug":"radioterapia","status":"publish","type":"glossary-term","link":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/pt-br\/glossary-term\/radioterapia\/","title":{"rendered":"Radioterapia"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","glossary-category":[141],"glossary-product":[104,105],"class_list":["post-32921","glossary-term","type-glossary-term","status-publish","hentry","glossary-category-erectile-dysfunction-treatments","glossary-product-infla10-pulse-ipp-series","glossary-product-rigi10-malleable-penile-prosthesis"],"acf":{"gt-definition":"<p>A radioterapia \u00e9 um tipo de tratamento contra o c\u00e2ncer que utiliza feixes de energia intensa (mais frequentemente raios X, mas tamb\u00e9m radia\u00e7\u00e3o de pr\u00f3tons) para destruir c\u00e9lulas cancer\u00edgenas ao danificar seu material gen\u00e9tico. M\u00e9todos modernos s\u00e3o precisos, direcionando feixes diretamente ao c\u00e2ncer enquanto protegem os tecidos saud\u00e1veis. Ela pode ser administrada externamente (radioterapia por feixe externo), usando um acelerador linear, ou internamente (braquiterapia), inserindo um pequeno implante s\u00f3lido dentro ou pr\u00f3ximo ao c\u00e2ncer. C\u00e9lulas saud\u00e1veis conseguem se reparar mais facilmente do que as cancer\u00edgenas, raz\u00e3o pela qual o objetivo \u00e9 tratar o c\u00e2ncer prejudicando o m\u00ednimo poss\u00edvel de c\u00e9lulas saud\u00e1veis.<sup>1<\/sup><\/p>\n","gt-synonyms":"Radiotherapy, RT, RTx, XRT, Irradia\u00e7\u00e3o, Terapia por raios X, Tratamento radioter\u00e1pico.","gt-citation":"[1] Yao HH, et al. Impact of radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer on bladder function as demonstrated on urodynamics study: A systematic review. Can Urol Assoc J. 2021 Dec;15(12):E664-E671. DOI: 10.5489\/cuaj.7265. PMID: 34171214\n\n[2] Griffith J, Wiegand L. Literature review on the efficacy of treatments for urinary incontinence in irradiated vs. non-radiated men treated for prostate cancer. AME Med J. 2022;7:25. DOI: 10.21037\/amj-22-5\n\n[3] Chen LN, et al. Patient-reported urinary incontinence following stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for clinically localized prostate cancer. Radiat Oncol. 2014;9:148. DOI: 10.1186\/1748-717X-9-148. PMID: 24966110\n\n[4] Zhang L, et al. Impact of Radiation Therapy on Outcomes of Artificial Urinary Sphincter Placement: A Meta-Analysis. Front Surg. 2022;9:825239. DOI: 10.3389\/fsurg.2022.825239\r\n\r\n[5] Donovan JL, Hamdy FC, Lane JA, et al. Patient-Reported Outcomes 12 Years after Localized Prostate Cancer Treatment. NEJM Evid. 2023;2(4):EVIDoa2300018. doi:10.1056\/EVIDoa2300018. PMID: 38320051\r\n\r\n[6] Donovan JL, Hamdy FC, Lane JA, et al. Patient-Reported Outcomes after Monitoring, Surgery, or Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(15):1425-1437. doi:10.1056\/NEJMoa1606221. PMID: 27626365\r\n\r\n[7] Salonia A, Boeri L, Capogrosso P, et al. EAU Guidelines on Sexual and Reproductive Health. Section 5.3.1 Pelvic surgery and prostate cancer treatment. European Association of Urology. Limited Update March 2025: p 38. Available from: https:\/\/uroweb.org\/guidelines\/sexual-and-reproductive-health","gt-clinical-context":"<p>A radioterapia \u00e9 amplamente utilizada no tratamento de v\u00e1rios tipos de c\u00e2ncer, incluindo o c\u00e2ncer de pr\u00f3stata. No contexto cl\u00ednico do c\u00e2ncer de pr\u00f3stata, a radioterapia pode ser usada como tratamento prim\u00e1rio, antes da cirurgia (terapia neoadjuvante) para reduzir o tumor, ap\u00f3s a cirurgia (terapia adjuvante) para eliminar c\u00e9lulas cancer\u00edgenas remanescentes ou em combina\u00e7\u00e3o com outros tratamentos, como a quimioterapia.<sup>1<\/sup> Tamb\u00e9m pode ser utilizada para aliviar sintomas em casos de c\u00e2ncer avan\u00e7ado.<sup>1<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Embora eficaz, a radioterapia para c\u00e2nceres p\u00e9lvicos, como o c\u00e2ncer de pr\u00f3stata, pode levar a efeitos colaterais que afetam os sistemas urin\u00e1rio e sexual. A incontin\u00eancia urin\u00e1ria \u00e9 uma toxicidade potencial conhecida ap\u00f3s a radioterapia prost\u00e1tica, embora as taxas de incid\u00eancia relatadas possam variar.<sup>2<\/sup> Alguns estudos sugerem que, embora a fun\u00e7\u00e3o urin\u00e1ria possa inicialmente piorar ap\u00f3s a radioterapia em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com a vigil\u00e2ncia ativa, ela pode se recuperar em grande parte com o tempo.<sup>6<\/sup> A prostatectomia radical tamb\u00e9m tem sido associada \u00e0 incontin\u00eancia urin\u00e1ria, e algumas pesquisas indicam que homens tratados com prostatectomia podem apresentar pior incontin\u00eancia urin\u00e1ria a longo prazo em compara\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0queles tratados com radioterapia.<sup>5<\/sup> Outros estudos sugerem, de forma semelhante, que a prostatectomia est\u00e1 associada a maiores decl\u00ednios na contin\u00eancia urin\u00e1ria (ou seja, mais incontin\u00eancia) do que a radioterapia.<sup>3<\/sup> O impacto da radioterapia nos resultados de tratamentos para incontin\u00eancia urin\u00e1ria, como o implante de esf\u00edncter urin\u00e1rio artificial, tamb\u00e9m foi estudado, com algumas metan\u00e1lises indicando que a radioterapia pode reduzir as chances de alcan\u00e7ar a contin\u00eancia completa ap\u00f3s tais procedimentos.<sup>4<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>A disfun\u00e7\u00e3o er\u00e9til (DE) \u00e9 outro efeito colateral potencial da radioterapia para o c\u00e2ncer de pr\u00f3stata. Tanto a incontin\u00eancia urin\u00e1ria quanto a DE s\u00e3o frequentemente observadas em pacientes com c\u00e2ncer de pr\u00f3stata localizado e localmente avan\u00e7ado, particularmente ap\u00f3s a prostatectomia radical.<sup>2<\/sup> Embora a prostatectomia esteja frequentemente associada a piores desfechos de DE, a radioterapia tamb\u00e9m pode contribuir para a disfun\u00e7\u00e3o sexual.<sup>7<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>A sele\u00e7\u00e3o de pacientes para radioterapia depende do tipo e est\u00e1gio do c\u00e2ncer, da sa\u00fade geral do paciente e dos objetivos do tratamento.<sup>1<\/sup> O procedimento espec\u00edfico e os resultados esperados, incluindo o tempo de recupera\u00e7\u00e3o e as taxas de sucesso, dependem fortemente do tipo de c\u00e2ncer em tratamento, da t\u00e9cnica de radia\u00e7\u00e3o utilizada (por exemplo, feixe externo, braquiterapia) e de fatores individuais do paciente. Esses detalhes s\u00e3o normalmente planejados com cuidado por uma equipe de radio-oncologia, muitas vezes envolvendo simula\u00e7\u00e3o e exames de imagem de planejamento para direcionar a radia\u00e7\u00e3o com precis\u00e3o e minimizar danos aos tecidos saud\u00e1veis adjacentes.<sup>1<\/sup><\/p>\n","gt-related-evidence":null,"gt-featured":true,"gt-ai-referenced":true,"gt-view-count":22},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.7 (Yoast SEO v28.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Radioterapia: Tratamento Oncol\u00f3gico e Impacto Urol\u00f3gico<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Entenda a radioterapia no c\u00e2ncer, seus mecanismos de a\u00e7\u00e3o e os poss\u00edveis efeitos colaterais urol\u00f3gicos, como incontin\u00eancia urin\u00e1ria e disfun\u00e7\u00e3o er\u00e9til.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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