{"id":32737,"date":"2026-09-14T18:42:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-14T22:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/?post_type=glossary-term&p=32737"},"modified":"2026-09-15T06:12:00","modified_gmt":"2026-09-15T10:12:00","slug":"calculos-do-trato-urinario","status":"publish","type":"glossary-term","link":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/pt-br\/glossary-term\/calculos-do-trato-urinario\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1lculos do Trato Urin\u00e1rio"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","glossary-category":[111],"glossary-product":[],"class_list":["post-32737","glossary-term","type-glossary-term","status-publish","hentry","glossary-category-urological-disorders"],"acf":{"gt-definition":"

\n Os c\u00e1lculos do trato urin\u00e1rio, tamb\u00e9m conhecidos como urolit\u00edase, s\u00e3o dep\u00f3sitos r\u00edgidos que se formam no sistema urin\u00e1rio (rins, ureteres, bexiga) a partir de minerais e sais presentes na urina.\u00b9<\/span> Esses c\u00e1lculos se desenvolvem quando certas subst\u00e2ncias na urina tornam-se altamente concentradas e se cristalizam.\u00b2<\/span> Eles podem variar em tamanho, desde cristais min\u00fasculos at\u00e9 grandes c\u00e1lculos com v\u00e1rios cent\u00edmetros de di\u00e2metro. Os c\u00e1lculos renais se formam dentro dos rins (nefrolit\u00edase) e, quando saem da pelve renal e se deslocam para o restante do sistema coletor urin\u00e1rio, o quadro \u00e9 especificamente denominado urolit\u00edase.\u00b3<\/span> Os c\u00e1lculos podem causar dor intensa, obstru\u00e7\u00e3o urin\u00e1ria, infec\u00e7\u00e3o e danos renais se n\u00e3o forem tratados.\u2074<\/span>\n <\/p>\n","gt-synonyms":"Urolit\u00edase, Nefrolit\u00edase, C\u00e1lculos renais, Pedras nos rins, C\u00e1lculos ureterais, C\u00e1lculos urin\u00e1rios, Lit\u00edase urin\u00e1ria, C\u00e1lculos vesicais, Lit\u00edase vesical","gt-citation":"[1] Thakore P, Liang TH. Urolithiasis. StatPearls. 2023 Jun 5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mpsur.2008.03.002\n\n[2] Sellaturay S, Fry C. The metabolic basis for urolithiasis. Surgery. 2008;26:136\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mpsur.2008.03.002\n\n[3] Allam EAH. Urolithiasis unveiled: pathophysiology, stone dynamics, types, and inhibitory mechanisms: a review. African Journal of Urology. 2024 Jul 23;30(1):30. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12301-024-00436-z\n\n[4] Fisang C, Anding R, M\u00fcller SC, Latz S, Laube N. Urolithiasis\u2013an interdisciplinary diagnostic, therapeutic and secondary preventive challenge. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2015;112:83\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3238\/arztebl.2015.0083\n\n[5] Akram M, Jahrreiss V, Skolarikos A, Geraghty R, Tzelves L, Emilliani E, Davis NF, Somani BK. Urological Guidelines for Kidney Stones: Overview and Comprehensive Update. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024 Feb 16;13(4):1114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13041114\n\n[6] Alelign T, Petros B. Kidney stone disease: an update on current concepts. Advances in Urology. 2018;2018:3068365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/3068365\n\n[7] Wang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Deng Q, Liang H. Recent advances on the mechanisms of kidney stone formation. International Journal of Molecular Medicine. 2021;48(2):83. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ijmm.2021.4982\n\n[8] Wigner P, Bijak M, Saluk-Bijak J. Probiotics in the prevention of the calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Cells. 2022;11:284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells11020284\n\n[9] Siener R, Hesse A. Fluid intake and epidemiology of urolithiasis. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2003;57(Suppl 2):S47-51. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601901\n\n[10] Ba\u015ftu\u011f F, D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel R. Pediatric urolithiasis: causative factors, diagnosis and medical management. Nature Reviews Urology. 2012;9:138\u2013146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrurol.2012.4","gt-clinical-context":"

\n Os c\u00e1lculos do trato urin\u00e1rio s\u00e3o uma condi\u00e7\u00e3o urol\u00f3gica comum que afeta aproximadamente 1 em cada 11 pessoas nos Estados Unidos, com uma taxa de recorr\u00eancia de at\u00e9 50% em cinco anos ap\u00f3s o epis\u00f3dio inicial.\u00b9<\/span> A apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o cl\u00ednica varia amplamente, desde c\u00e1lculos assintom\u00e1ticos descobertos incidentalmente at\u00e9 c\u00f3lica renal grave caracterizada por dor s\u00fabita e intensa no flanco, que pode irradiar para o abd\u00f4men inferior ou para a virilha.\u2075<\/span>\n <\/p>\n

\n A sele\u00e7\u00e3o do tratamento para o paciente depende do tamanho, localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e composi\u00e7\u00e3o do c\u00e1lculo, al\u00e9m da presen\u00e7a de complica\u00e7\u00f5es, como infec\u00e7\u00e3o ou obstru\u00e7\u00e3o.\u2075<\/span> C\u00e1lculos pequenos (<5mm) frequentemente s\u00e3o eliminados espontaneamente com manejo conservador, incluindo controle da dor, hidrata\u00e7\u00e3o e terapia m\u00e9dica expulsiva.\u2075<\/span> C\u00e1lculos maiores geralmente requerem interven\u00e7\u00e3o.\n <\/p>\n

\n A avalia\u00e7\u00e3o diagn\u00f3stica inclui a tomografia computadorizada sem contraste (NCCT) como o m\u00e9todo de imagem padr\u00e3o-ouro para pacientes sintom\u00e1ticos, enquanto a ultrassonografia pode ser utilizada como investiga\u00e7\u00e3o inicial em indiv\u00edduos assintom\u00e1ticos.\u2075<\/span> A avalia\u00e7\u00e3o laboratorial inclui urin\u00e1lise, urocultura e exames bioqu\u00edmicos s\u00e9ricos para avaliar anormalidades metab\u00f3licas.\u2076<\/span>\n <\/p>\n

\n As op\u00e7\u00f5es de tratamento incluem:\n <\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Manejo conservador para c\u00e1lculos pequenos com alta probabilidade de elimina\u00e7\u00e3o espont\u00e2nea<\/li>\n
  2. Litotripsia extracorp\u00f3rea por ondas de choque (SWL) para c\u00e1lculos <2cm<\/li>\n
  3. Ureteroscopia (URS) com litotripsia a laser para c\u00e1lculos ureterais e renais menores<\/li>\n
  4. Nefrolitotomia percut\u00e2nea (PCNL) para c\u00e1lculos maiores (>2cm) ou casos complexos<\/li>\n
  5. Cirurgia aberta ou laparosc\u00f3pica em cen\u00e1rios raros e complexos\u2075<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \n As estrat\u00e9gias de preven\u00e7\u00e3o concentram-se no aumento da ingest\u00e3o de l\u00edquidos, modifica\u00e7\u00f5es diet\u00e9ticas e, por vezes, medicamentos para tratar anormalidades metab\u00f3licas subjacentes.\u2077<\/span> Pacientes com c\u00e1lculos recorrentes beneficiam-se de uma avalia\u00e7\u00e3o metab\u00f3lica abrangente e medidas preventivas direcionadas.\u2078<\/span>\n <\/p>\n

    \n Os desfechos esperados ap\u00f3s o tratamento s\u00e3o geralmente favor\u00e1veis, com taxas de sucesso variando de acordo com o procedimento: 70-90% para SWL, 90-95% para URS e 85-95% para PCNL.\u2075<\/span> No entanto, o risco de recorr\u00eancia permanece significativo, destacando a import\u00e2ncia das estrat\u00e9gias preventivas.\u2079<\/span>\n <\/p>\n","gt-related-evidence":null,"gt-featured":false,"gt-ai-referenced":true,"gt-view-count":0},"yoast_head":"\nC\u00e1lculos do Trato Urin\u00e1rio: Causas, Sintomas e Manejo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Saiba mais sobre os c\u00e1lculos do trato urin\u00e1rio, incluindo sintomas, diagn\u00f3stico, op\u00e7\u00f5es de tratamento e estrat\u00e9gias de preven\u00e7\u00e3o eficazes.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/pt-br\/glossary-term\/calculos-do-trato-urinario\/\" 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