{"id":12094,"date":"2025-07-10T09:16:47","date_gmt":"2025-07-10T13:16:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/glossary-term\/prostate-screening-medical-glossary-entry\/"},"modified":"2026-10-06T18:04:24","modified_gmt":"2026-10-06T22:04:24","slug":"cribado-prostatico","status":"publish","type":"glossary-term","link":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/glossary-term\/cribado-prostatico\/","title":{"rendered":"Cribado Prost\u00e1tico"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","glossary-category":[136],"glossary-product":[104,105],"class_list":["post-12094","glossary-term","type-glossary-term","status-publish","hentry","glossary-category-prostate-cancer-diagnostics","glossary-product-infla10-pulse-ipp-series","glossary-product-rigi10-malleable-penile-prosthesis"],"acf":{"gt-definition":"<p>El cribado prost\u00e1tico es el proceso de realizar pruebas a hombres asintom\u00e1ticos para detectar un c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata o anomal\u00edas que puedan conducir a un c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata, con el objetivo de encontrar c\u00e1nceres que puedan tener un alto riesgo de diseminarse si no se tratan, y de detectarlos precozmente, antes de que se diseminen.<sup>1<\/sup> La principal prueba de cribado es el an\u00e1lisis de sangre del ant\u00edgeno prost\u00e1tico espec\u00edfico (PSA), a menudo acompa\u00f1ado de un tacto rectal (TR).<sup>2<\/sup> El ant\u00edgeno prost\u00e1tico espec\u00edfico (PSA) es una enzima glucoproteica secretada por el epitelio secretor prost\u00e1tico y las ves\u00edculas seminales, y es la prote\u00edna m\u00e1s abundante del plasma seminal.<sup>3<\/sup> Las concentraciones elevadas de PSA se han asociado desde hace tiempo a la neoplasia maligna prost\u00e1tica y son el elemento inicial clave del cribado, aunque unos t\u00edtulos altos de PSA no son espec\u00edficos del c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata.<sup>4<\/sup> Las decisiones sobre el cribado deben individualizarse mediante una toma de decisiones compartida entre el paciente y el profesional sanitario, sopesando los posibles beneficios, riesgos e incertidumbres del cribado, el diagn\u00f3stico y el tratamiento.<sup>5<\/sup><\/p>","gt-synonyms":"Detecci\u00f3n de PSA, detecci\u00f3n de c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata, Detecci\u00f3n temprana del c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata., prueba de PSA, prueba de ant\u00edgeno prost\u00e1tico espec\u00edfico, detecci\u00f3n de c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata","gt-citation":"[1] US Preventive Services Task Force. Prostate Cancer: Screening. Final Recommendation Statement. May 8, 2018. https:\/\/www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org\/uspstf\/recommendation\/prostate-cancer-screening\r\n\r\n[2] American Cancer Society. American Cancer Society Recommendations for Prostate Cancer Early Detection. Updated November 22, 2023. https:\/\/www.cancer.org\/cancer\/types\/prostate-cancer\/detection-diagnosis-staging\/acs-recommendations.html\r\n\r\n[3] Jain MA, Leslie SW, Sapra A. Prostate Cancer Screening. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK556081\/\r\n\r\n[4] American Urological Association. Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: AUA\/SUO Guideline (2023). https:\/\/www.auanet.org\/guidelines-and-quality\/guidelines\/early-detection-of-prostate-cancer-guidelines\r\n\r\n[5] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Should I Get Screened for Prostate Cancer? Updated January 29, 2025. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/prostate-cancer\/screening\/get-screened.html","gt-clinical-context":"<p>El cribado prost\u00e1tico est\u00e1 cl\u00ednicamente indicado en los hombres en funci\u00f3n de la edad, los factores de riesgo y las preferencias individuales, tras una toma de decisiones compartida con los profesionales sanitarios.<sup>1<\/sup> Seg\u00fan el US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), los hombres de 55 a 69 a\u00f1os deben tomar una decisi\u00f3n individual sobre someterse al cribado del c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata con una prueba de PSA despu\u00e9s de comentar con su m\u00e9dico los posibles beneficios y perjuicios.<sup>2<\/sup> El USPSTF recomienda no realizar el cribado rutinario en los hombres de 70 a\u00f1os o m\u00e1s.<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<p>La American Cancer Society recomienda que los hombres tengan la oportunidad de tomar una decisi\u00f3n informada con su profesional sanitario sobre si someterse al cribado del c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata a distintas edades en funci\u00f3n de los factores de riesgo: a los 50 a\u00f1os los hombres con riesgo medio, a los 45 a\u00f1os los hombres con riesgo alto (incluidos los hombres afroamericanos y aquellos con un familiar de primer grado diagnosticado de c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata antes de los 65 a\u00f1os) y a los 40 a\u00f1os los hombres con un riesgo a\u00fan mayor (aquellos con m\u00e1s de un familiar de primer grado que tuvo c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata a una edad temprana).<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<p>La American Urological Association (AUA) y la Society of Urologic Oncology (SUO) recomiendan que los profesionales cl\u00ednicos practiquen la toma de decisiones compartida con las personas para las que ser\u00eda adecuado el cribado del c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata y procedan seg\u00fan los valores y las preferencias de cada persona.<sup>4<\/sup> Recomiendan utilizar el PSA como primera prueba de cribado, con un cribado peri\u00f3dico cada 2 a 4 a\u00f1os en las personas de 50 a 69 a\u00f1os.<sup>4<\/sup> En las personas con mayor riesgo (ascendencia negra, mutaciones germinales, antecedentes familiares importantes), el cribado debe comenzar entre los 40 y los 45 a\u00f1os.<sup>4<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<p>Los criterios de selecci\u00f3n de pacientes incluyen la consideraci\u00f3n de la esperanza de vida (al menos 10 a\u00f1os), los factores de riesgo (edad, raza\/etnia, antecedentes familiares) y los valores del paciente respecto a los posibles beneficios y perjuicios del cribado.<sup>5<\/sup> El proceso de cribado suele incluir la prueba de PSA, seguida posiblemente de un tacto rectal (TR) y, si est\u00e1 indicado, de pruebas adicionales de biomarcadores, pruebas de imagen (como la RM) y una biopsia de pr\u00f3stata.<sup>4<\/sup><\/p>\r\n<p>Entre los resultados esperados del cribado figuran una posible reducci\u00f3n de la mortalidad por c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata y de la enfermedad metast\u00e1sica gracias a la detecci\u00f3n precoz, pero tambi\u00e9n un posible sobrediagn\u00f3stico y sobretratamiento de c\u00e1nceres que nunca habr\u00edan causado s\u00edntomas ni la muerte.<sup>5<\/sup> Entre los posibles perjuicios del cribado se encuentran los resultados falsos positivos que conducen a procedimientos innecesarios, las complicaciones de los procedimientos diagn\u00f3sticos (como una infecci\u00f3n tras la biopsia) y los efectos secundarios del tratamiento (como incontinencia urinaria, disfunci\u00f3n er\u00e9ctil y problemas intestinales).<sup>5<\/sup><\/p>","gt-related-evidence":null,"gt-featured":true,"gt-ai-referenced":false,"gt-view-count":104},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.6 (Yoast SEO v28.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Cribado Prost\u00e1tico: PSA Testing &amp; 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