{"id":12081,"date":"2025-07-09T09:52:52","date_gmt":"2025-07-09T13:52:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/glossary-term\/urinary-retention\/"},"modified":"2026-10-06T18:04:24","modified_gmt":"2026-10-06T22:04:24","slug":"retencion-urinaria","status":"publish","type":"glossary-term","link":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/glossary-term\/retencion-urinaria\/","title":{"rendered":"Retenci\u00f3n Urinaria"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","glossary-category":[111],"glossary-product":[104,105],"class_list":["post-12081","glossary-term","type-glossary-term","status-publish","hentry","glossary-category-urological-disorders","glossary-product-infla10-pulse-ipp-series","glossary-product-rigi10-malleable-penile-prosthesis"],"acf":{"gt-definition":"<p>La retenci\u00f3n urinaria es un trastorno en el que una persona no puede vaciar toda la orina de la vejiga. Se produce cuando la vejiga no se vac\u00eda por completo durante la micci\u00f3n, de modo que queda orina residual en ella.<sup>1<\/sup> Este trastorno puede manifestarse de dos formas principales: la retenci\u00f3n urinaria aguda, caracterizada por una incapacidad repentina para orinar a pesar de tener la vejiga llena, a menudo acompa\u00f1ada de dolor y molestias en la parte baja del abdomen; y la retenci\u00f3n urinaria cr\u00f3nica, que se desarrolla gradualmente con el tiempo con un vaciado vesical incompleto.<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n    \n    <p>La fisiopatolog\u00eda implica una obstrucci\u00f3n que impide parcial o totalmente el flujo de orina, o bien la incapacidad de la vejiga para mantener una fuerza contr\u00e1ctil suficiente para expulsar toda la orina.<sup>3<\/sup> La micci\u00f3n normal requiere una integraci\u00f3n y coordinaci\u00f3n complejas de las funciones neurol\u00f3gicas con los nervios p\u00e9lvicos simp\u00e1ticos, parasimp\u00e1ticos y som\u00e1ticos para facilitar un almacenamiento y un vaciado vesicales adecuados.<sup>4<\/sup> Cuando esta coordinaci\u00f3n se altera por una obstrucci\u00f3n mec\u00e1nica, una disfunci\u00f3n neurol\u00f3gica o los efectos de un medicamento, puede producirse una retenci\u00f3n urinaria.<\/p>","gt-synonyms":"Retenci\u00f3n de vejiga, Vaciado incompleto de la vejiga, Obstrucci\u00f3n urinaria, Disfunci\u00f3n miccional, Retenci\u00f3n urinaria aguda (RAO), Retenci\u00f3n urinaria cr\u00f3nica (CUR), Orina residual posmiccional, Estasis urinaria","gt-citation":"[1] Selius BA, Subedi R. Urinary retention in adults: diagnosis and initial management. Am Fam Physician. 2008;77(5):643-650. DOI: https:\/\/www.aafp.org\/pubs\/afp\/issues\/2008\/0301\/p643.html\n\n[2] Leslie SW, Rout P. Male Urinary Retention: Acute and Chronic. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; 2024. PMID: 30860734. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK538499\/\n\n[3] National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Urinary Retention. 2019. https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/urologic-diseases\/urinary-retention\n\n[4] Roehrborn CG. Acute urinary retention: risks and management. Rev Urol. 2005;7(Suppl 4):S31-S41. PMID: 16986053. DOI: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1477606\/\n\n[5] Kaplan SA, Wein AJ, Staskin DR, Roehrborn CG, Steers WD. Urinary retention and post-void residual urine in men: separating truth from tradition. J Urol. 2008;180(1):47-54. DOI: 10.1016\/j.juro.2008.03.027","gt-clinical-context":"<p>La retenci\u00f3n urinaria es un trastorno urol\u00f3gico importante que requiere una evaluaci\u00f3n y un tratamiento r\u00e1pidos, sobre todo en su forma aguda.<sup>1<\/sup> La presentaci\u00f3n cl\u00ednica var\u00eda seg\u00fan la retenci\u00f3n sea aguda o cr\u00f3nica. La retenci\u00f3n urinaria aguda se presenta como una urgencia m\u00e9dica caracterizada por la incapacidad repentina para orinar a pesar de tener la vejiga distendida, a menudo acompa\u00f1ada de dolor suprap\u00fabico intenso, urgencia y malestar.<sup>2<\/sup> La retenci\u00f3n urinaria cr\u00f3nica suele presentarse con s\u00edntomas m\u00e1s sutiles, como chorro miccional d\u00e9bil, dificultad para iniciar la micci\u00f3n, micci\u00f3n intermitente, aumento de la frecuencia, nicturia y sensaci\u00f3n de vaciado incompleto.<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n    \n    <p>En los hombres, la hiperplasia benigna de pr\u00f3stata (HBP) es la causa m\u00e1s frecuente de retenci\u00f3n urinaria, y el riesgo aumenta de forma pronunciada con la edad: un hombre de 70 y tantos a\u00f1os tiene aproximadamente un 10% de probabilidades, y un hombre de 80 y tantos a\u00f1os m\u00e1s de un 30% de probabilidades, de sufrir un episodio de retenci\u00f3n urinaria aguda.<sup>4<\/sup> En las mujeres, la retenci\u00f3n urinaria es menos frecuente y a menudo se asocia a trastornos neurol\u00f3gicos, prolapso de \u00f3rganos p\u00e9lvicos o complicaciones posquir\u00fargicas.<\/p>\n    \n    <p>La evaluaci\u00f3n diagn\u00f3stica incluye una anamnesis exhaustiva, una exploraci\u00f3n f\u00edsica, la medici\u00f3n de la orina residual posmiccional, un an\u00e1lisis de orina, pruebas de funci\u00f3n renal y, en algunos casos, estudios urodin\u00e1micos o una cistoscopia.<sup>5<\/sup> Las estrategias de tratamiento dependen de la causa subyacente y pueden incluir el sondaje para un alivio inmediato, intervenciones farmacol\u00f3gicas como alfabloqueantes o inhibidores de la 5-alfa reductasa para la retenci\u00f3n relacionada con la HBP, o intervenciones quir\u00fargicas para las causas obstructivas.<\/p>\n    \n    <p>Las complicaciones de la retenci\u00f3n urinaria no tratada incluyen infecciones urinarias, da\u00f1o vesical por sobredistensi\u00f3n, hidronefrosis e insuficiencia renal.<sup>4<\/sup> Por lo tanto, el reconocimiento precoz y un tratamiento adecuado son esenciales para prevenir secuelas a largo plazo.<\/p>","gt-related-evidence":null,"gt-featured":true,"gt-ai-referenced":false,"gt-view-count":128},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.7 (Yoast SEO v28.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Retenci\u00f3n Urinaria: Causes, Symptoms, and Management<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La retenci\u00f3n urinaria impide el vaciado completo de la vejiga, provocando molestias. 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