{"id":12066,"date":"2025-07-22T08:29:16","date_gmt":"2025-07-22T12:29:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/glossary-term\/autologous\/"},"modified":"2026-10-06T18:04:24","modified_gmt":"2026-10-06T22:04:24","slug":"autologo","status":"publish","type":"glossary-term","link":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/glossary-term\/autologo\/","title":{"rendered":"Aut\u00f3logo"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","glossary-category":[112],"glossary-product":[],"class_list":["post-12066","glossary-term","type-glossary-term","status-publish","hentry","glossary-category-surgical-procedures"],"acf":{"gt-definition":"<p>El t\u00e9rmino aut\u00f3logo hace referencia a un procedimiento o tratamiento m\u00e9dico en el que las c\u00e9lulas, los tejidos u otros materiales biol\u00f3gicos proceden de la misma persona que los va a recibir.<sup>1<\/sup> El t\u00e9rmino procede de las ra\u00edces griegas \u00abauto\u00bb (uno mismo) y \u00ablogos\u00bb (relaci\u00f3n), y significa esencialmente \u00abrelativo a uno mismo\u00bb.<sup>2<\/sup> En el \u00e1mbito m\u00e9dico, los procedimientos aut\u00f3logos consisten en la obtenci\u00f3n, el procesamiento y la posterior reintroducci\u00f3n en el organismo de los propios materiales biol\u00f3gicos del paciente con fines terap\u00e9uticos.<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n    \n    <p>Los tratamientos aut\u00f3logos se distinguen porque el donante y el receptor son la misma persona, lo que elimina la preocupaci\u00f3n por la incompatibilidad inmunol\u00f3gica o el rechazo que pueden producirse con materiales procedentes de otras personas.<sup>4<\/sup> Este enfoque se utiliza habitualmente en diversos campos de la medicina, como la hematolog\u00eda, la oncolog\u00eda, la traumatolog\u00eda y la medicina regenerativa, en los que se extraen c\u00e9lulas o tejidos del propio paciente, que en ocasiones se modifican o se expanden, y despu\u00e9s se reintroducen para tratar afecciones concretas.<sup>5<\/sup><\/p>","gt-synonyms":"Autoderivado, autodonado, aut\u00f3geno, aut\u00f3geno, uno mismo a uno mismo, derivado del paciente, de origen propio","gt-citation":"[1] Snowden JA, Sharrack B, Akil M, Kiely DG, Lobo A, Kazmi M, Muraro PA, Lindsay JO. Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) for severe resistant autoimmune and inflammatory diseases \u2013 a guide for the generalist. Clin Med (Lond). 2018 Aug;18(4):329-334. DOI: 10.7861\/clinmedicine.18-4-329\n\n[2] Alagesan S, Griffin MD. Autologous and allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells in organ transplantation: what do we know about their safety and efficacy? Curr Opin Organ Transplant. 2014 Feb;19(1):65-72. DOI: 10.1097\/MOT.0000000000000043\n\n[3] Palumbo A, Cavallo F, Gay F, Di Raimondo F, Ben Yehuda D, Petrucci MT, Pezzatti S, Caravita T, Cerrato C, Ribakovsky E, Genuardi M, Cafro A, Marcatti M, Catalano L, Offidani M, Carella AM, Zamagni E, Patriarca F, Musto P, Evangelista A, Ciccone G, Omed\u00e9 P, Crippa C, Corradini P, Nagler A, Boccadoro M, Cavo M. Autologous transplantation and maintenance therapy in multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2014 Sep 4;371(10):895-905. DOI: 10.1056\/NEJMoa1402888\n\n[4] van Laar JM, Farge D, Sont JK, Naraghi K, Marjanovic Z, Larghero J, Schuerwegh AJ, Marijt EW, Vonk MC, Schattenberg AV, Matucci-Cerinic M, Voskuyl AE, van de Loosdrecht AA, Daikeler T, K\u00f6tter I, Schmalzing M, Martin T, Lioure B, Weiner SM, Kreuter A, Deligny C, Durand JM, Emery P, Machold KP, Sarrot-Reynauld F, Warnatz K, Adoue DF, Constans J, Tony HP, Del Papa N, Fassas A, Himsel A, Launay D, Lo Monaco A, Philippe P, Qu\u00e9r\u00e9 I, Rich \u00c9, Westhovens R, Griffiths B, Saccardi R, van den Hoogen FH, Fibbe WE, Soci\u00e9 G, Gratwohl A, Tyndall A; EBMT\/EULAR Scleroderma Study Group. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation vs intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide in diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2014 Jun 25;311(24):2490-8. DOI: 10.1001\/jama.2014.6368\n\n[5] Stiff PJ, Unger JM, Cook JR, Constine LS, Couban S, Stewart DA, Shea TC, Porcu P, Winter JN, Kahl BS, Miller TP, Tubbs RR, Marcellus D, Friedberg JW, Barton KP, Mills GM, LeBlanc M, Rimsza LM, Forman SJ, Fisher RI. Autologous transplantation as consolidation for aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2013 Oct 31;369(18):1681-90. DOI: 10.1056\/NEJMoa1301077","gt-clinical-context":"<p>Los procedimientos aut\u00f3logos se emplean en m\u00faltiples especialidades m\u00e9dicas, con aplicaciones que var\u00edan en funci\u00f3n de las c\u00e9lulas o tejidos concretos implicados y de las afecciones que se tratan.<sup>1<\/sup><\/p>\n    \n    <p>En hematolog\u00eda y oncolog\u00eda, el trasplante aut\u00f3logo de c\u00e9lulas madre (TACM) es un tratamiento bien establecido para diversos c\u00e1nceres de la sangre, como el mieloma m\u00faltiple, el linfoma de Hodgkin y el linfoma no Hodgkin.<sup>3<\/sup> El procedimiento consiste en obtener las propias c\u00e9lulas madre hematopoy\u00e9ticas del paciente, administrar quimioterapia en dosis altas para eliminar las c\u00e9lulas cancerosas (lo que tambi\u00e9n da\u00f1a la m\u00e9dula \u00f3sea sana) y, a continuaci\u00f3n, volver a infundir las c\u00e9lulas madre obtenidas previamente para reconstituir la capacidad hematopoy\u00e9tica del paciente.<sup>5<\/sup> Este enfoque permite un tratamiento oncol\u00f3gico m\u00e1s intensivo y, al mismo tiempo, mitiga el riesgo de una supresi\u00f3n prolongada de la m\u00e9dula \u00f3sea.<\/p>\n    \n    <p>Los tratamientos aut\u00f3logos tambi\u00e9n han mostrado resultados prometedores en las enfermedades autoinmunitarias. En los casos graves de esclerosis m\u00faltiple, esclerosis sist\u00e9mica y enfermedad de Crohn resistentes a los tratamientos convencionales, puede considerarse el trasplante aut\u00f3logo de c\u00e9lulas madre hematopoy\u00e9ticas.<sup>1<\/sup> El procedimiento tiene como objetivo \u00abreiniciar\u00bb el sistema inmunitario mediante la regeneraci\u00f3n y la rediversificaci\u00f3n de los repertorios de linfocitos T y B y el aumento de la actividad de los linfocitos T reguladores, lo que podr\u00eda inducir remisiones cl\u00ednicas mantenidas.<sup>1,4<\/sup><\/p>\n    \n    <p>En medicina regenerativa e ingenier\u00eda tisular, se est\u00e1n investigando las c\u00e9lulas madre mesenquimales (CMM) aut\u00f3logas para diversas aplicaciones, entre ellas el trasplante de \u00f3rganos.<sup>2<\/sup> Los modelos animales indican que las CMM aut\u00f3logas pueden ser eficaces para prevenir o tratar la inflamaci\u00f3n precoz del injerto y reducir el riesgo de rechazo agudo, observaciones respaldadas por ensayos controlados aleatorizados en el trasplante renal de donante vivo.<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n    \n    <p>La selecci\u00f3n de los pacientes para los procedimientos aut\u00f3logos requiere considerar cuidadosamente varios factores, como el estado general de salud del paciente, la posibilidad de obtener cantidades suficientes de c\u00e9lulas o tejidos viables y la ausencia de contraindicaciones para el procedimiento concreto.<sup>1<\/sup> La decisi\u00f3n cl\u00ednica de recurrir a tratamientos aut\u00f3logos suele implicar sopesar los posibles beneficios frente a los riesgos, considerar tratamientos alternativos y tener en cuenta las preferencias del paciente y las consideraciones sobre su calidad de vida.<\/p>","gt-related-evidence":null,"gt-featured":true,"gt-ai-referenced":false,"gt-view-count":178},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.7 (Yoast SEO v28.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ 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