{"id":11998,"date":"2025-07-09T09:51:40","date_gmt":"2025-07-09T13:51:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/glossary-term\/hematuria\/"},"modified":"2026-10-06T18:04:24","modified_gmt":"2026-10-06T22:04:24","slug":"hematuria","status":"publish","type":"glossary-term","link":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/glossary-term\/hematuria\/","title":{"rendered":"Hematuria"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","glossary-category":[126],"glossary-product":[108,107],"class_list":["post-11998","glossary-term","type-glossary-term","status-publish","hentry","glossary-category-urological-conditions","glossary-product-conticlassic-aus","glossary-product-contireflex-enhanced-aus"],"acf":{"gt-definition":"<p>La hematuria es la presencia de c\u00e9lulas sangu\u00edneas en la orina.<span class=\"citation\">1<\/span> Se clasifica en dos tipos principales: la hematuria macrosc\u00f3pica, en la que la sangre es visible a simple vista y ti\u00f1e la orina de color rosado, rojo o de color cola; y la hematuria microsc\u00f3pica, en la que las c\u00e9lulas sangu\u00edneas solo pueden detectarse al microscopio durante un examen de laboratorio.<span class=\"citation\">2<\/span> La hematuria macrosc\u00f3pica se produce cuando hay suficiente sangre en la orina para cambiar su color, mientras que la hematuria microsc\u00f3pica implica cantidades de sangre tan peque\u00f1as que solo pueden verse con un microscopio cuando un laboratorio analiza la orina.<span class=\"citation\">3<\/span><\/p>\n    \n    <p>El umbral m\u00e9dico de la hematuria microsc\u00f3pica suele definirse como \u22653 hemat\u00edes por campo de gran aumento (hemat\u00edes\/CGA) en la evaluaci\u00f3n microsc\u00f3pica de una \u00fanica muestra de orina.<span class=\"citation\">4<\/span> Este hallazgo puede ser incidental o sintom\u00e1tico y puede originarse en cualquier punto del tracto urinario, incluidos los ri\u00f1ones, los ur\u00e9teres, la vejiga, la pr\u00f3stata (en los hombres) o la uretra.<span class=\"citation\">5<\/span> La hematuria es un indicador cl\u00ednico importante que justifica una evaluaci\u00f3n adecuada, ya que puede se\u00f1alar trastornos subyacentes que van desde causas benignas hasta enfermedades graves, incluidas las neoplasias malignas del tracto urinario.<span class=\"citation\">6<\/span><\/p>","gt-synonyms":"sangre en la orina, orina con sangre, eritrocituria, microhematuria (para hematuria microsc\u00f3pica), hematuria macrosc\u00f3pica, hematuria macrosc\u00f3pica, hematuria franca, hematuria con tira reactiva","gt-citation":"[1] Barocas DA, Boorjian SA, Alvarez RD, et al. Microhematuria: AUA\/SUFU Guideline. Journal of Urology. 2020; 204(4):778-786. DOI: 10.1097\/JU.0000000000001297\n\n[2] Nielsen M, Qaseem A, for the High Value Care Task Force of the American College of Physicians. Hematuria as a Marker of Occult Urinary Tract Cancer: Advice for High-Value Care From the American College of Physicians. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2016; 164(7):488-497. DOI: 10.7326\/M15-1496\n\n[3] Davis R, Jones JS, Barocas DA, et al. Diagnosis, evaluation and follow-up of asymptomatic microhematuria (AMH) in adults: AUA guideline. Journal of Urology. 2012; 188(6 Suppl):2473-2481. DOI: 10.1016\/j.juro.2012.09.078\n\n[4] Avellino GJ, Bose S, Wang DS. Diagnosis and Management of Hematuria. Surgical Clinics of North America. 2016; 96(3):503-515. DOI: 10.1016\/j.suc.2016.02.007\n\n[5] Linder BJ, Bass EJ, Mostafid H, Boorjian SA. Guideline of guidelines: asymptomatic microscopic haematuria. BJU International. 2018; 121(2):176-183. DOI: 10.1111\/bju.14016","gt-clinical-context":"<p>La hematuria es un hallazgo frecuente en la pr\u00e1ctica cl\u00ednica; se estima que la hematuria microsc\u00f3pica afecta a entre el 2% y el 31% de la poblaci\u00f3n general.<span class=\"citation\">1<\/span> Es un indicador diagn\u00f3stico fundamental que requiere una evaluaci\u00f3n adecuada por su asociaci\u00f3n con trastornos subyacentes potencialmente graves.<\/p>\n    \n    <p>El abordaje cl\u00ednico de la hematuria comienza con la confirmaci\u00f3n de su presencia. En la hematuria microsc\u00f3pica, esto implica un an\u00e1lisis microsc\u00f3pico de orina que demuestre \u22653 hemat\u00edes por campo de gran aumento.<span class=\"citation\">2<\/span> En la hematuria macrosc\u00f3pica basta con la confirmaci\u00f3n visual, y cualquier episodio de hematuria macrosc\u00f3pica en un adulto justifica considerar una evaluaci\u00f3n urol\u00f3gica urgente, dada la probabilidad relativamente alta de c\u00e1ncer u otros trastornos cl\u00ednicamente significativos (&gt;10% en la mayor\u00eda de los estudios).<span class=\"citation\">3<\/span><\/p>\n    \n    <p>La estratificaci\u00f3n del riesgo es esencial en el tratamiento cl\u00ednico de la hematuria. Los pacientes deben clasificarse seg\u00fan su riesgo de neoplasia maligna genitourinaria, teniendo en cuenta factores como:<span class=\"citation\">4<\/span><\/p>\n    <ul>\n        <li>Edad (mayor riesgo en mayores de 50 a\u00f1os)<\/li>\n        <li>Sexo (mayor riesgo en varones)<\/li>\n        <li>Antecedentes de tabaquismo<\/li>\n        <li>Exposici\u00f3n laboral a sustancias qu\u00edmicas o colorantes<\/li>\n        <li>Antecedentes de hematuria macrosc\u00f3pica<\/li>\n        <li>Grado y persistencia de la hematuria microsc\u00f3pica<\/li>\n    <\/ul>\n    \n    <p>La evaluaci\u00f3n diagn\u00f3stica suele incluir una cistoscopia (examen endosc\u00f3pico de la vejiga) y pruebas de imagen del tracto urinario superior, con un enfoque espec\u00edfico adaptado al perfil de riesgo del paciente.<span class=\"citation\">5<\/span> Esta estrategia basada en el riesgo ayuda a equilibrar los beneficios de detectar una patolog\u00eda significativa frente a los posibles perjuicios de pruebas innecesarias.<\/p>\n    \n    <p>Entre las causas frecuentes de hematuria se encuentran las infecciones urinarias, los c\u00e1lculos renales, la hiperplasia benigna de pr\u00f3stata, las enfermedades renales (en particular la glomerulonefritis) y los c\u00e1nceres del tracto urinario (de vejiga, ri\u00f1\u00f3n, pr\u00f3stata y uretra).<span class=\"citation\">6<\/span> Entre las causas menos frecuentes se incluyen los medicamentos (como anticoagulantes, ciertos antibi\u00f3ticos y analg\u00e9sicos), el ejercicio intenso y enfermedades hereditarias como la drepanocitosis.<span class=\"citation\">7<\/span><\/p>\n    \n    <p>El tratamiento depende por completo de la causa subyacente y abarca desde antibi\u00f3ticos para las infecciones hasta la intervenci\u00f3n quir\u00fargica para los c\u00e1lculos o las neoplasias malignas. Incluso cuando la evaluaci\u00f3n inicial es negativa, los pacientes con hematuria persistente pueden necesitar pruebas de seguimiento, ya que algunos trastornos graves pueden no ser evidentes de inmediato.<span class=\"citation\">8<\/span><\/p>","gt-related-evidence":null,"gt-featured":true,"gt-ai-referenced":false,"gt-view-count":96},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.7 (Yoast SEO v28.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hematuria: Comprensi\u00f3n Blood in Urine Causes, Diagnosis<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La hematuria se refiere a sangre en la orina, visible o microsc\u00f3pica, que puede indicar afecciones que van desde infecciones urinarias hasta c\u00e1ncer.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/glossary-term\/hematuria\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hematuria - 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