{"id":11981,"date":"2025-07-11T10:21:49","date_gmt":"2025-07-11T14:21:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/glossary-term\/cystitis\/"},"modified":"2026-10-06T18:04:24","modified_gmt":"2026-10-06T22:04:24","slug":"cistitis","status":"publish","type":"glossary-term","link":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/glossary-term\/cistitis\/","title":{"rendered":"Cistitis"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","glossary-category":[126],"glossary-product":[108,107],"class_list":["post-11981","glossary-term","type-glossary-term","status-publish","hentry","glossary-category-urological-conditions","glossary-product-conticlassic-aus","glossary-product-contireflex-enhanced-aus"],"acf":{"gt-definition":"<p>La cistitis es la inflamaci\u00f3n del tracto urinario inferior o, m\u00e1s concretamente, de la vejiga urinaria.<sup>1<\/sup> En t\u00e9rminos generales, puede clasificarse como no complicada o complicada.<sup>2<\/sup> Seg\u00fan las definiciones tradicionales, la cistitis no complicada es la infecci\u00f3n del tracto urinario (ITU) inferior en mujeres sanas no embarazadas, mientras que todas las dem\u00e1s ITU, incluidas las de los hombres, se clasifican como complicadas. La cistitis aguda suele estar causada por una infecci\u00f3n bacteriana de la vejiga urinaria.<sup>3<\/sup> La cistitis complicada se asocia a factores de riesgo que aumentan la virulencia de la infecci\u00f3n o la probabilidad de fracaso del tratamiento antibi\u00f3tico.<sup>4<\/sup> Las mujeres son especialmente susceptibles debido a la gran proximidad del recto al meato uretral, as\u00ed como a la longitud relativamente corta de la uretra femenina.<sup>5<\/sup><\/p>","gt-synonyms":"Infecci\u00f3n de vejiga, infecci\u00f3n del tracto urinario inferior (ITU), cistitis aguda, cistitis bacteriana, cistitis hemorr\u00e1gica, cistitis intersticial (tipo espec\u00edfico)","gt-citation":"[1] Li R, Leslie SW. Cystitis (Archived). StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 May 30. PMID: 29494042. Bookshelf ID: NBK482435.\n\n[2] Kolman KB. Cystitis and Pyelonephritis: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention. Prim Care. 2019 Jun;46(2):191-202. DOI: 10.1016\/j.pop.2019.01.001\n\n[3] Flores-Mireles AL, Walker JN, Caparon M, Hultgren SJ. Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, mechanisms of infection and treatment options. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2015 May;13(5):269-84. DOI: 10.1038\/nrmicro3432\n\n[4] Gupta K, Hooton TM, Naber KG, et al. International clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women: A 2010 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52(5):e103-e120. DOI: 10.1093\/cid\/ciq257\n\n[5] Medina M, Castillo-Pino E. An introduction to the epidemiology and burden of urinary tract infections. Ther Adv Urol. 2019;11:1756287219832172. DOI: 10.1177\/1756287219832172","gt-clinical-context":"<p>La cistitis se diagnostica cl\u00ednicamente en pacientes con signos y s\u00edntomas compatibles con una ITU baja, junto con evidencia anal\u00edtica de piuria y\/o nitritos.<sup>1<\/sup> Los s\u00edntomas habituales son disuria, polaquiuria, urgencia, dolor suprap\u00fabico y hematuria.<sup>2<\/sup> La fiebre, el dolor en el flanco, las n\u00e1useas y los v\u00f3mitos sugieren m\u00e1s bien una pielonefritis (infecci\u00f3n renal).<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n    \n    <p>El an\u00e1lisis de orina es la prueba de laboratorio m\u00e1s importante para diagnosticar una ITU, y la piuria (presencia de al menos 10 leucocitos\/campo de gran aumento) est\u00e1 presente casi siempre.<sup>4<\/sup> Las tiras reactivas de orina detectan la presencia de esterasa leucocitaria y nitritos; cuando ambos son positivos en un paciente sintom\u00e1tico, la infecci\u00f3n es muy probable, aunque los valores predictivos var\u00edan seg\u00fan la probabilidad previa a la prueba.<sup>5<\/sup> El urocultivo es \u00fatil para identificar los pat\u00f3genos causales y determinar los perfiles de sensibilidad antimicrobiana, especialmente en los casos complicados.<sup>6<\/sup><\/p>\n    \n    <p>El tratamiento consiste en antibioterapia, y los f\u00e1rmacos de primera l\u00ednea incluyen la nitrofuranto\u00edna, el sulfametoxazol-trimetoprima (si la resistencia local es &lt;20%) y la fosfomicina.<sup>7<\/sup> La duraci\u00f3n del tratamiento var\u00eda de 3-5 d\u00edas en la cistitis no complicada a 7-14 d\u00edas en la pielonefritis.<sup>8<\/sup> Los pacientes con cistitis complicada que no responden a un tratamiento antimicrobiano adecuado pueden requerir una evaluaci\u00f3n adicional mediante estudios de imagen radiol\u00f3gicos del tracto urinario superior.<sup>9<\/sup><\/p>\n    \n    <p>Los factores de riesgo de la cistitis no complicada incluyen el sexo femenino, las relaciones sexuales, el uso de espermicidas, una nueva pareja sexual en el \u00faltimo a\u00f1o, una ITU previa, unos antecedentes familiares importantes de ITU y la posmenopausia.<sup>10<\/sup> Aproximadamente el 60% de las mujeres sufrir\u00e1 una infecci\u00f3n de vejiga a lo largo de su vida, y el 20-40% presentar\u00e1 recurrencias.<sup>11<\/sup><\/p>","gt-related-evidence":null,"gt-featured":true,"gt-ai-referenced":false,"gt-view-count":114},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.6 (Yoast SEO v28.7) - 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