{"id":11969,"date":"2025-07-24T10:34:51","date_gmt":"2025-07-24T14:34:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/glossary-term\/fistula\/"},"modified":"2026-10-06T18:04:24","modified_gmt":"2026-10-06T22:04:24","slug":"fistula","status":"publish","type":"glossary-term","link":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/glossary-term\/fistula\/","title":{"rendered":"F\u00edstula"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","glossary-category":[127],"glossary-product":[],"class_list":["post-11969","glossary-term","type-glossary-term","status-publish","hentry","glossary-category-surgical-complications"],"acf":{"gt-definition":"<p>Una f\u00edstula es una comunicaci\u00f3n an\u00f3mala entre dos superficies epitelizadas o partes del cuerpo que normalmente no est\u00e1n conectadas.<sup class=\"citation\">1<\/sup> Este trayecto patol\u00f3gico puede formarse entre dos espacios huecos cualesquiera, como vasos sangu\u00edneos, intestino, vagina, vejiga y piel.<sup class=\"citation\">2<\/sup> Las f\u00edstulas se clasifican de tres formas distintas: anat\u00f3mica, fisiol\u00f3gica y etiol\u00f3gicamente.<sup class=\"citation\">2<\/sup><\/p>\n\n<p>Desde el punto de vista anat\u00f3mico, las f\u00edstulas se dividen en dos categor\u00edas:<\/p>\n<ul>\n    <li><strong>F\u00edstulas internas<\/strong>: comunicaciones entre dos estructuras internas (p. ej., enteroc\u00f3licas, ileosigmoideas, aortoent\u00e9ricas)<sup class=\"citation\">2<\/sup><\/li>\n    <li><strong>F\u00edstulas externas<\/strong>: comunicaciones entre una estructura interna y una estructura externa (p. ej., enterocut\u00e1neas, enteroatmosf\u00e9ricas, rectovaginales)<sup class=\"citation\">2<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Cuando se clasifican desde el punto de vista fisiol\u00f3gico, las f\u00edstulas se diferencian en funci\u00f3n del d\u00e9bito de l\u00edquido:<\/p>\n<ul>\n    <li><strong>F\u00edstulas de bajo d\u00e9bito<\/strong>: drenan menos de 200 ml de l\u00edquido al d\u00eda<sup class=\"citation\">2<\/sup><\/li>\n    <li><strong>F\u00edstulas de d\u00e9bito medio<\/strong>: drenan entre 200-500 ml de l\u00edquido al d\u00eda<sup class=\"citation\">2<\/sup><\/li>\n    <li><strong>F\u00edstulas de alto d\u00e9bito<\/strong>: drenan m\u00e1s de 500 ml de l\u00edquido al d\u00eda<sup class=\"citation\">2<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Desde el punto de vista etiol\u00f3gico, las f\u00edstulas se clasifican seg\u00fan su causa; entre las categor\u00edas habituales se encuentran las f\u00edstulas traum\u00e1ticas, las f\u00edstulas del sitio quir\u00fargico y las f\u00edstulas asociadas a enfermedades inflamatorias como la enfermedad de Crohn.<sup class=\"citation\">2<\/sup><\/p>","gt-synonyms":"Paso anormal, conexi\u00f3n patol\u00f3gica, tracto sinusal, tracto anormal, tracto fistuloso, tracto epitelizado, conducto patol\u00f3gico, comunicaci\u00f3n anormal","gt-citation":"[1] Sohrabi M, Bahrami S, Mosalli M, Khaleghian M, Obaidinia M. Perianal Fistula; from Etiology to Treatment - A Review. Middle East J Dig Dis. 2024 Apr 30;16(2):76-85. DOI: 10.34172\/mejdd.2024.373\n\n[2] Cowan KB, Cassaro S. Enterocutaneous Fistula. StatPearls [Internet]. 2023 Aug 7. PMID: 29083609. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK459129\/\n\n[3] Carr S, Velasco AL. Fistula-in-Ano (Archived). StatPearls [Internet]. 2023 Jul 31. PMID: 32491449. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK557517\/\n\n[4] Wang H, Fei B, Jin H. Complex anal fistula: A case report. International Journal of Surgery Case Reports. 2020;77:782-786. DOI: 10.1016\/j.ijscr.2020.11.056\n\n[5] Zhao WW, Yu J, Shu J, et al. Precise and comprehensive evaluation of perianal fistulas, classification and related complications using magnetic resonance imaging. Am J Transl Res. 2023;15(5):3674-3685. PMID: 37303685","gt-clinical-context":"<p>Las f\u00edstulas pueden aparecer en muchas partes del cuerpo y formarse entre diversas estructuras.<sup class=\"citation\">3<\/sup> Con mayor frecuencia se deben a una infecci\u00f3n, una inflamaci\u00f3n o un traumatismo, o aparecen como complicaci\u00f3n de una cirug\u00eda.<sup class=\"citation\">1,2<\/sup> La presentaci\u00f3n cl\u00ednica var\u00eda en funci\u00f3n de la localizaci\u00f3n y del tipo de f\u00edstula.<\/p>\n\n<h3>F\u00edstulas perianales\/anales<\/h3>\n<p>La f\u00edstula anal (fistula-in-ano) es un trayecto que comunica el conducto anal con la piel perianal.<sup class=\"citation\">3<\/sup> En la mayor\u00eda de los casos requiere tratamiento quir\u00fargico. Un manejo adecuado mejora la calidad de vida del paciente.<sup class=\"citation\">3<\/sup> Las f\u00edstulas anales suelen ser consecuencia de un absceso anorrectal, y entre el 30% y el 70% de los pacientes con un absceso anorrectal presentan una f\u00edstula anal concomitante.<sup class=\"citation\">1<\/sup> La clasificaci\u00f3n de las f\u00edstulas anales se basa en la anatom\u00eda, concretamente en su relaci\u00f3n con el complejo esfinteriano:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n    <li><strong>Interesfinteriana (45%)<\/strong>: la f\u00edstula atraviesa el esf\u00ednter interno, pero respeta el esf\u00ednter externo<sup class=\"citation\">3<\/sup><\/li>\n    <li><strong>Transesfinteriana (30%)<\/strong>: la f\u00edstula atraviesa tanto el esf\u00ednter interno como el externo<sup class=\"citation\">3<\/sup><\/li>\n    <li><strong>Supraesfinteriana (20%)<\/strong>: la f\u00edstula atraviesa el esf\u00ednter interno y luego se extiende en sentido superior por el plano entre ambos esf\u00ednteres para pasar por encima del esf\u00ednter externo antes de llegar al perin\u00e9<sup class=\"citation\">3<\/sup><\/li>\n    <li><strong>Extraesfinteriana (5%)<\/strong>: esta f\u00edstula poco frecuente comunica el recto con el perin\u00e9 y discurre lateralmente a los esf\u00ednteres interno y externo<sup class=\"citation\">3<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>F\u00edstulas enterocut\u00e1neas<\/h3>\n<p>Son comunicaciones an\u00f3malas entre el tubo digestivo y la piel.<sup class=\"citation\">2<\/sup> Se clasifican desde el punto de vista fisiol\u00f3gico seg\u00fan el volumen de d\u00e9bito, y las estrategias de manejo var\u00edan en consecuencia. Los pacientes tienen un riesgo elevado de desequilibrios electrol\u00edticos, sepsis y desnutrici\u00f3n, por lo que la estabilizaci\u00f3n es el primer paso del manejo.<sup class=\"citation\">2<\/sup><\/p>\n\n<h3>Otros tipos<\/h3>\n<ul>\n    <li>F\u00edstulas arteriovenosas (entre una arteria y una vena)<\/li>\n    <li>F\u00edstulas biliares (tras una cirug\u00eda de la ves\u00edcula biliar)<\/li>\n    <li>F\u00edstulas cervicovaginales<\/li>\n    <li>F\u00edstulas vesicovaginales (entre la vejiga y la vagina)<\/li>\n    <li>F\u00edstulas traqueoesof\u00e1gicas<\/li>\n    <li>F\u00edstulas aortoent\u00e9ricas<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>El diagn\u00f3stico suele basarse en la exploraci\u00f3n f\u00edsica, en pruebas de imagen (RM, ecograf\u00eda endoanal, fistulograf\u00eda, TC) y, en ocasiones, en la exploraci\u00f3n bajo anestesia.<sup class=\"citation\">3,5<\/sup> La RM se considera la modalidad de imagen m\u00e1s sensible (&gt;90%) para la evaluaci\u00f3n de las f\u00edstulas.<sup class=\"citation\">3<\/sup><\/p>\n\n<p>Los enfoques terap\u00e9uticos var\u00edan en funci\u00f3n del tipo de f\u00edstula, su localizaci\u00f3n y la causa subyacente. El tratamiento quir\u00fargico es el pilar del tratamiento de la mayor\u00eda de las f\u00edstulas, en particular de las f\u00edstulas anales.<sup class=\"citation\">1,3<\/sup> Puede considerarse el tratamiento m\u00e9dico en determinadas situaciones, sobre todo en las f\u00edstulas asociadas a la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal.<sup class=\"citation\">1<\/sup> Los principales objetivos del tratamiento son controlar la infecci\u00f3n, preservar la funci\u00f3n (como la continencia fecal en las f\u00edstulas anales) y mejorar la calidad de vida.<sup class=\"citation\">1,3<\/sup><\/p>","gt-related-evidence":null,"gt-featured":true,"gt-ai-referenced":false,"gt-view-count":106},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.6 (Yoast SEO v28.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>F\u00edstula: Abnormal Connections Between Body Structures<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Una f\u00edstula es una conexi\u00f3n anormal entre dos \u00f3rganos o tejidos del tracto urinario que a menudo requiere diagn\u00f3stico preciso y reparaci\u00f3n quir\u00fargica.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/glossary-term\/fistula\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"F\u00edstula - Prosthetic Urology Glossary\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Explore Rigicon\u2019s evidence-based glossary covering penile implants, AUS, ED treatments, and surgical terms in prosthetic urology.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/glossary-term\/fistula\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Rigicon\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/rigiconurology\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-10-06T22:04:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/header-d.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1440\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"718\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@rigiconurology\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/es\\\/glossary-term\\\/fistula\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/es\\\/glossary-term\\\/fistula\\\/\",\"name\":\"F\u00edstula: Abnormal Connections Between Body Structures\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/es\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-07-24T14:34:51+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-10-06T22:04:24+00:00\",\"description\":\"Una f\u00edstula es una conexi\u00f3n anormal entre dos \u00f3rganos o tejidos del tracto urinario que a menudo requiere diagn\u00f3stico preciso y reparaci\u00f3n quir\u00fargica.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/es\\\/glossary-term\\\/fistula\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/es\\\/glossary-term\\\/fistula\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/es\\\/glossary-term\\\/fistula\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Inicio\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/es\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Glossary Terms\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/es\\\/urology-glossary\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"F\u00edstula\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/es\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/es\\\/\",\"name\":\"Rigicon\",\"description\":\"Innovative Urological Solutions\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/es\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Innovative Urological Solutions\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/es\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/es\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Rigicon, Inc.\",\"alternateName\":\"Innovative Urological Solutions\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/es\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/es\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/07\\\/cropped-Logo-Square-Kopya.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/07\\\/cropped-Logo-Square-Kopya.jpg\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"Rigicon, Inc.\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rigicon.com\\\/es\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/rigiconurology\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/rigiconurology\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/rigiconurology\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/@Rigicon\\\/podcasts\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/Rigicon\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.threads.com\\\/@rigiconurology\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/rigicon\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wikidata.org\\\/wiki\\\/Q141595822\"],\"description\":\"Rigicon es un fabricante especializado con sede en EE. UU. de dispositivos de urolog\u00eda prot\u00e9sica: pr\u00f3tesis de pene, esf\u00ednteres urinarios artificiales y pr\u00f3tesis testiculares, comercializados en m\u00e1s de 75 pa\u00edses.\",\"email\":\"operations@rigicon.com\",\"telephone\":\"+1 (888) 202-9790\",\"legalName\":\"Rigicon, Inc.\",\"vatID\":\"81-3545645\",\"taxID\":\"81-3545645\",\"duns\":\"045247683\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"F\u00edstula: Abnormal Connections Between Body Structures","description":"Una f\u00edstula es una conexi\u00f3n anormal entre dos \u00f3rganos o tejidos del tracto urinario que a menudo requiere diagn\u00f3stico preciso y reparaci\u00f3n quir\u00fargica.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/glossary-term\/fistula\/","og_locale":"es_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"F\u00edstula - Prosthetic Urology Glossary","og_description":"Explore Rigicon\u2019s evidence-based glossary covering penile implants, AUS, ED treatments, and surgical terms in prosthetic urology.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/glossary-term\/fistula\/","og_site_name":"Rigicon","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/rigiconurology\/","article_modified_time":"2026-10-06T22:04:24+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1440,"height":718,"url":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/header-d.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@rigiconurology","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/glossary-term\/fistula\/","url":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/glossary-term\/fistula\/","name":"F\u00edstula: Abnormal Connections Between Body Structures","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-07-24T14:34:51+00:00","dateModified":"2026-10-06T22:04:24+00:00","description":"Una f\u00edstula es una conexi\u00f3n anormal entre dos \u00f3rganos o tejidos del tracto urinario que a menudo requiere diagn\u00f3stico preciso y reparaci\u00f3n quir\u00fargica.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/glossary-term\/fistula\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/glossary-term\/fistula\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/glossary-term\/fistula\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Inicio","item":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Glossary Terms","item":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/urology-glossary\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"F\u00edstula"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/","name":"Rigicon","description":"Innovative Urological Solutions","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Innovative Urological Solutions","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/#organization","name":"Rigicon, Inc.","alternateName":"Innovative Urological Solutions","url":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/cropped-Logo-Square-Kopya.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/cropped-Logo-Square-Kopya.jpg","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"Rigicon, Inc."},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/rigiconurology\/","https:\/\/x.com\/rigiconurology","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/rigiconurology\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@Rigicon\/podcasts","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/Rigicon","https:\/\/www.threads.com\/@rigiconurology","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/rigicon\/","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q141595822"],"description":"Rigicon es un fabricante especializado con sede en EE. UU. de dispositivos de urolog\u00eda prot\u00e9sica: pr\u00f3tesis de pene, esf\u00ednteres urinarios artificiales y pr\u00f3tesis testiculares, comercializados en m\u00e1s de 75 pa\u00edses.","email":"operations@rigicon.com","telephone":"+1 (888) 202-9790","legalName":"Rigicon, Inc.","vatID":"81-3545645","taxID":"81-3545645","duns":"045247683"}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-term\/11969","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-term"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossary-term"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11969"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"glossary-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-category?post=11969"},{"taxonomy":"glossary-product","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rigicon.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary-product?post=11969"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}